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  Introduction The Sino-Indian border dispute is one of the most significant and enduring geopolitical conflicts in Asia, involving territorial claims and national pride. This dispute centers primarily on two areas: Aksai Chin and Arunachal Pradesh. Understanding its historical context, key events, and current dynamics is essential for comprehending contemporary Sino-Indian relations.  Historical Background  Colonial Legacies The origins of the Sino-Indian border dispute can be traced back to the late 19th and early 20th centuries, during the British colonial era in India. The British sought to establish a clear boundary with Tibet, which they viewed as a buffer state. The McMahon Line was drawn during the Simla Conference in 1914, which India now recognizes as the boundary between India and Tibet. However, this line was never accepted by China, which claims the entire region of Arunachal Pradesh as its own. After India gained independence in 1947 and the establishment of...